Chuck



J. A. AXELSSON.

CHUCK.

APPLxcgxTloN FILED xAN.8,1921.

NETE@ STAFF@ PTNT @FltflltCt JOHAN ARVID AXELSSON, 0F ESKILSTUNA,SW'ElDF-l'.

CHUCK.

Application led January 1921. Serial No. 435,858,

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, .doi-IAN Anvil) AXnLs soN, foreman, a subject of theKing of Sweden, and resident of Eskilstuna, in the county ofSodermanlandand State of Sweden, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Chucks (for which I have filed applications in SwedenMay 21, 1919, No. 2,341, and Sept. 16, 1920, No. 4,655), of which thefollowing is a specilication.

The present invention relates to a chuck in which the thrust or axialpressure as well as the tangential one or both. arising during the workis utilized `to clamp the jaws round the blank to be worked or the toolrespectively. v

This is arrived at by the fact that the top A ends of the jaws, whichtops are preferably sloping towards the center cooperate with obliquefaces on a sleeve sliding longitudinally in a central boring of a secondsleeve fixed to the boring spindle the first mentioned sleeve being inturn acted upon by a member sliding axially in this sleeve. Saidmemberis at its top provided with oblique faces, which, by means of balls orthe like arranged in the bottom of the cylindrical boring cooperatewith. oblique faces arranged at the top end of the sleeve in such amanner that the slidable member is pushed upward when the drill ispushed upward in the drill socket, said member, by means of .the ballsand the oblique faces pressing the sleevedownward so that said sleevewill bring the jaws together.

Utilizing the tangential pressure of the drill is established by thefact that there is at the bottom end of the first mentioned sleeve aflange provided with an oblique face, as shown in Fig. 5,. cooperatingwith balls or the like arranged in recesses of, the sleeve fixed to theboring spindle and as a result the iirst mentioned sleeve will be pusheddownward andwill also act upon the jaws at tangential pressure.

`The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of chuck constructedaccording to the present invention. y

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of a modified. form of chuck. f

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the chuck illustrated inFigure 1.

Figure 1 is a view corresponding to Figure 3 of the chuck illustrated inFigure 2.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of thestructureillustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a top plan view illustrating aA detail of the constructionshown in Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of the part shown in Figure 6.

The chuck consists of a sleeve 1 fixed to the boring spindle, saidsleeve 1 being by means of a spring 2 connected with an eX- teriorsleeve 3. At the interior side of the sleeve 3 there are balls 4,arranged in spherical recesses, said balls cooperating with a spiralgroove ta in the sleeve 1, by means of which groove the sleeve 3 islowered when being stopped. during the rotation. The sleeve 1 is furtherprovided with a cylindrical boring 5 in which there is arranged alongitudinally sliding sleeve 6 the top face 7 0f which is slopingtowards the center. The sleeve 6 has arranged within it a member 8sliding axially in said sleeve. This vmember 8 is carried by a screw 9passing through the bottom of the cylindrical boring 5. Between thesleeve 6 and the member 8 is arranged a spiral spring 10 normallypressing the sleeve 6 upwards. The sleeve 6 is further provided with aflange 11 having oblique faces 12 against which are resting balls 13arranged in a recess 111 in the sleeve 1 fixed to the boring spindle.Resting on balls 15 in the bottom end of the sleeve 3 is a member 16 inwhich there are arranged, in notches 17, radially slidable jaws 18 thetop faces of which are provided with oblique faces 19 cooperating withoblique faces 20 on the sleeve v6. In the member 16 are further arrangedspiral springs 21 opening the jaws when they are not acted upon by thedescribed clamping arrangements. In the bottom part of the sleeve 6there are arranged notches 22 guiding the jaws 18 in this sleeve.

When a drill is to be inserted during the rotation of the chucktheoperator catches the sleeve 3. The sleeve being held against rotationwill, as a result, be lowered on aethe drillon account of obliquenotches 23 arranged in the membei` 16, said notches cooperating withtheV bottom oblique facesy 24 of the jaws.

1When the drilll isv after this exposed during the work to axial anditangential pressure the-member 8 isacted upon and pushed upward andactsy by means of the oblique yfaces 25 upon. the balls 26 which are incon sequence moved laterally and' act upon. the

oblique faces 7 on the sleeve 6 so. that this sleeve is pushed downward'and;` acts upon the jaws 18.. Als a; result said jaws will further beclamped round the drill. `The tan gential pressure` acting upon ythejaws tends to turn the sleeve `(-relative tothe sleeve l. By this factsaid sleeve .6 will on account of `the obliquefaces 'l2 and. the balls'13 be pushed downward and; will press the: jaws further together. y

The embodiment of the invention illustrated'ini Figure 2 is' a muchsimpler con;- struction than. that illustrated in Figure l, there being;used only one rlow of balls to receive the axial orv tangential pressureor both. The balls are resting on st'eplike planes'sloping radially orperipherically or .in both directions as` clearly set forth by Figs. A6.and 7.

f 27 is a sleeve iixedto the boring-spindle. rlhisl sleeve has acentralboring 28 in which is arranged to-slide axially a sleeve 29.` ln .thissleeve is a body y3Ofsliding axially, said bQdy beingazt its topprovided with oblique faces 8l, which.v by means of 'balls 32 arrangedabove 4the top endiof the sleeve cooperate with faces 33 slopingradially and peripheriealily and' arranged on the topend .ofthe sleeve29and: inl the bottom of lthe cen'- tlial boring. The jaws 34: are mountedin radial grooves arraangedin the bot-tom end of the'sleeve 29 and arepressed by means of oblique faces 35 arranged: in` an exterior sleeve.86, said oblique faces cooperating with-the oblique bottom. ends-of thejaws 184i, the sleeve 3.6;.being connected with the inteiiior sleeve 27in.I acknown manner by means ofthreadse' and a spiral spring 3S.

For pensons skilled: in: the art the manner .ofwofrkingf is obvious. andneeds no further efiiplanatiolnaxial or Vtangential pressure of both,exenteds upoin the drill causing the several parts of the drill socketto performthe same .wonk asmlescribeda with. respect to the :first:embodiment. 1. f

will-.be seenA that the invention may be varied mi many; respectswithout departing AS. 2L- result the jaws are rigidly clamped roundlwhich the axial pressure as well as 'the tan-v gential one or bothacting upon the drill will. be utilized.. to. clamp the jaws Mgidlyround the drill or the like.

Claims: l. A chuck constructed to utilize the axial and `tangentialpressure on the tool .during working for clamping the jaws aroundv thetool, comprisinga jaw supporting member having inclined guideways, jawsslidably mounted in saidv guideways, .antiefriction members, and means'ha-ving oblique faces cooperating with saidfanti-friction members forcausing a pressing' down of` said jaws'in said inclined guideways .tolthereby `firmly clamp the .tool when the latter 4is subjected toeitheraxial or tangentialpressure.

A. chuck as set forth in claim l, com.- prising- 'a sleeve in'V whichthe jaw-suppoiiting member isv rotatably supported', amemd berjournalled in said sleeve-and adaptedto be rigidly connected with thechuck spindle, and means interconnecting. saidsleeveand member forcausng'a. frictionall resistance to relative rotation between saidparts.

3. A` chuck as set forth in claimi 2', in which the means for causing a;pressing down: ofl the. jaws comprises 'a vclamping member containedinthe member whichis vadapted Ito tbe rigidlyV connected toithe chuck vspindle, said clamping-member being mow able axially and tangentially bythe coop'- eratmg oblique: faces 1 and; anti-friction memibers, andanti-friction members interposed between the ysleeve and jaw -supportingmember whereby the torsion effected! by= the tool causes a rotationofthey clamping mem ber or the jaw-siq3porting member inorder toxcause'thej aws. to' 'automaticallyclamp the tool without rotating the sleeve.y j

45. A chuck as. set forth in claim'2 in which the memberadapte'dtobe'rigidly connected' to 'the1 chuck spindle and the means for pressingdown. the jaws-arc provided with faces slopingjin tangential, right aswell as'left, directionl morder to effect the clamping ofthe-'jawsaround' the tool automatically when the toolf rotates "in-eitherdirection. i' i 5. A chuck' as setV forth inclainr 1'- in .which themeans interconnectingis'aid sleeve and member ada'pted to.y be rigidly,icon- .necte'd to the chuck spindle comprises ia spiral groove in oneof' said parts and a .member carried by 'the other ofV said parts andengaging in said groove,A wh'ereby'rota tion of said sleevelrelativefto'said member causes thel sleeve to beflowered tol perm-itVthe 'tOol to )be't'a'ken out'.

6. A chuckas set ing means forreturning` tol initial position the meansforpressing ldown thel'j aws when 'the tool ceases to rotate,wherebyfriction between the sleeve and the member adapted to be rigidlyattached to the chuck spindle is relieved so that the tool can be takenout without applying' a great rotating force to the sleeve.

7. A chuck comprising` a sleeve adapted to be ixed 'to a boring spindleand having e Central bore in its lower end, a sleeve slid- Iblelo'ngitudinellyv in said bore and itself having a centra-l bore, amember slidable in the bore of the second-mentioned sleeve, the top endsoi the secci'id-mentioned sleeve and the member having oppositelyinclined oblique faces, antifriction members arranged between the topwell of the central bore of seid first-mentioned sleeve and said obliquefaces, a jew-supporting member havin inclined guideways therein and jawsslidzib e in seid guidewziys, the upper ends of seid jaws engaging thelower end of said second-mentioned sleeve, whereby the upwerd axialpressure exerted by the drill my name in the presence of twosubscribingwitnesses.

JOHAN ARVID AXELSSON. Witnesses:

ERICH WISTRAW, A. CARLssoN.

